Provincial elections are held to elect members to Provincial Assemblies. The Provincial Assemblies function as a legislative body at the provincial level.

Provincial elections are conducted in accordance with Regulations made by the Minister responsible for Provincial Governments as provided for by the Provincial Governments Act.

Apart from the conduct of provincial elections, the Act also outlines eligibility requirements for intending candidates for Provincial Ward Members and for voters in provincial elections.

Provincial elections are conducted by the Ministry of Provincial Governments and Institutional Strengthening which is mandated to oversee the implementation of the Provincial Governments Act, however, there are plans to move this function to the Solomon Islands Electoral Commission (SIEC) which is also responsible for the conduct of national elections.